Literally, qingming (清明) means “clear-bright,” and shanghe tu (上河圖) means “going-along-the-river-picture.” The most common translation of the scroll’s name refers to the Qingming Festival when, in early spring, the living sweep the graves of their ancestors. Another interpretation is that qingming can mean “peaceful and orderly,” making the scroll’s title “Peace Reigns Over the River.”
Even though modern museums often display handscrolls stretched out full-length under a glass case, they were originally intended to be held by the viewer, who would unroll only an arm’s length section at a time. Starting at the right end of the scroll, and progressing to the left, the viewer determined the pace. With the use of perspective, the artist can make something seem to come closer and then to recede. A handscroll can show the same object from different angles, creating moments of suspense to entice the viewer to keep on looking.
《上河圖》（Shàng Hé Tú），又称《清明上河图》、《北宋京都清明上河图》，是中国历史上著名的绘画作品之一，描绘了北宋时期（公元11世纪）京都汴京（今河南省开封市）的繁华景象，是中国绘画史上的经典之作。以下是关于《上河圖》的一些基本信息：
总的来说，《上河图》以其丰富的细节和生动的场景，展现了北宋时期汴京城的繁荣景象，成为中国绘画史上的经典之作，深受人们的喜爱和推崇。
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